30-day Mortality of Patients Admitted in the SPMC Rizal D. Aportadera Burn Unit: A Ten-Year Retrospective Review
Abstract
Background: Burn injuries is one of the most devastating injuries in trauma and a major global public health concern. A burn patient has several complex injuries that must be taken care of while the condition progresses and as the burn disease evolves. A major burn injury patient’s greatest problem is severe fluid loss. Hence, fluid management through effective fluid resuscitation must be carried out immediately after the period following the burn.
Aim: This retrospective study was conducted to determine the 30-day morbidity and mortality rate among patients admitted in the SPMC Rizal D. Aportadera Burn Unit and the advantage of the addition of Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCo3) in the treatment protocol for major burns (RDA Protocol)
Methods: A retrospective chart review, a cohort research design for which 196 patients data were collected (144 patients on Parkland, 74 on RDA) from our hospital’s digital database and physical chart over a 10-year period (January 2008 to December 2018). Clinical outcomes were reviewed.
Results: Among the 196 patients reviewed, the mean age of adults was found to be 39 years for adults. There were more males (90.76%) than females (29.24%). The pediatric age group had a mean age of 3 years. Overall burn incidents are twice as high in Males (70%) Females (30%). Scald burn is the most common (52%) mechanism, followed by flame burn (30%) both in adults and pediatrics. Majority of the adult patients had 11-20% TBSA and 1-10% TBSA in pediatrics with mostly sustained second degree burns (89%) for both age groups (adult 93%, pediatrics 83%). None among the RDA patients showed significant predictors for prolonged hospitalization. In the RDA Group, none showed a significant result among the listed factors for mortality, however, it is 2x more likely due to %TBSA. Parkland has higher mortality compared with RDA group, 7% and 3% respectively).
Conclusion: There is a lower incidence of mortality and morbidity with RDA formula. A prospective research is recommended to further study the advantages of using RDA formula in burn resuscitation.
Copyright (c) 2022 Rozalyn Reyes Mauro
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